Furnace



L RISDON June 15, 1937.

FURNACE Filed June 27, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOB Iva/2 filsdan Bagwmh ATTORNEY Patented June 15, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT @FFICE 9Claims.

This invention relates to furnaces, and has for its object, generallystated, the provision of an improved heating plant constructionespecially efiicient in heating capacity and low fuel consumption.

A particular object of the invention is the provision of. most effectivedown-draft design which, by reason of the effective bafile to theescaping gases, assures radiation of an excepl o tionally highproportion of the heat units.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a hot watercoil arrangement having a thermostatic control therefor acting to governthe water temperature.

l? A yet further object is the provision of a bypass for the gasesenabling use of the furnace for heating the hot water 0611 only.

The foregoing, together with further objects and advantages, will becomeapparent in the 530 course of the following detailed description andclaims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section representing the nowpreferred embodiment of the invention, the section being taken on thesubstantial median line of the fire-box proper.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on broken line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section on line 5:- 33 of Fig. 1 withthe down-draft baffle plate of the heat-radiating Wing being shown inelevation.

Fig. 4 is a detail vertical section taken to an enlarged scale on line44 of Fig. 3; and

5:, Fig. 5 is a detail perspective of the fire-pot, parts being brokenaway to indicate the grate.

In the drawings, the reference numeral 6 designates the fire-box of thefurnace which is formed of plate metal comprising end-wall mem- 40 bers1 and l and a U-formed side and top wall member 8, said members I and lbeing outwardly flanged as at 9 for the fitting engagement of thelateral edges of the member 8. Rivets ll operate in conjunction withwelding to connect the 45 lapped edges, the arrangement obviating jointdestruction by eliminating direct heat to the same. Steel plates aresimilarly joined toprovide, an. L-shaped wing member I3 spaced from thefire-box and extending along the rear and a 50 side wall of the sametoco-operate therewith in radiating the heat from the gases ofcombustion to an air space provided by a surrounding jacket ID. A pipe12 extending from the upper portion of the rear wall I of the fire-boxcommunicative- 55 1y connects the fire-box with the rear chamber of thegases. vided with a by-pass flue pipe 66 from the firechimney stack isrepresented at I4, a vertical 5 baflle wall [5 being interposedtherebetween and the admission pipe [2 to force a down-draft of Saidwing member is further probox directly communicating with the flueoutlet I4, said pipe whilenormally closed by a valve I1 serving to adaptthe furnace to a water heating unit, desirable for summer use.

Clean-out doors for the wing member are indicated at and 2|. A door 22affords entry to 5 the fire-box, accommodating insertion and removal ofan ash receptacle 23.

Opening into said fire-box through the front wall 1 is a tunnel 24through which is received a fire-pot 25, said tunnel about the fire-potbeing rendered air-tight by asbestos packing or the like. Formed with aninwardly diverging feed channel 21,.fue1 being fed through the same bymeans of a conveyer screw 28 operating in a tube 29 from a coal hopper(not shown), said fire-pot provides a grate composed of a plurality ofseparable bars 3| formed from plane metal with each alternate bar beingexpressed outwardly from opposite sides to provide projections acting toseparate the bars in presenting interstices therebetween for the passageof air from a pit 32. Said pit communicates with a tube 34 through whichair is forced from a fan (not shown). The separable grate bar structureallows a provision of minute interstices for the grate which, whileeffectively acting to restrain the ash from passing therethrough intothe pit, obviates clogging.

Represented at I provide a cylindrical vertically disposed water coilsupported above the 40 grate, a cap member 43 received over the sameserving to direct the gases of combustion between the volutions.-Circulation pipes for the coil are indicated at 4| and 42.

Primarily by reason of the rapid development 45 of heat arising from thedirect action of the gases on the coil, I provide for the hot watersystem an arrangement by means of which the water is directly efiectedto a certain predetermined point only. To such end, a thermostaticallygoverned deflection plate 44, the acting surface of which is refractive,is pivotally supported on a shaft 45 for movement from a normalinoperative disposition rearwardly of the grate to an operating positiondirectly thereabove for deflecting the ascending gases, said positionsindicated by full and dotted lines in Fig. 1. Extending through asupporting pipe which effectively seals the firebox from the surroundingair space, said shaft extends exteriorly of the jacket I! and is connected by a crank arm 4'! with a connecting rod t8 welded or otherwisefastened to a diaphragm 5B. A fitting 5| for said diaphragm (Fig. 4) 1ocates the same for effective reaction to the water temperature obtainingin the return pipe 42 of the water circulation system. Said deflectionplate is, or may be, counterbalanced to offset the weight of the same inrelieving the diaphragm.

In operation, the coal supplied through the hopper is delivered by meansof the conveyer screw 28 to the channel 21 and over the grate,combustion occurring from the fuel and the forced air draft with theashes falling into the receptacle 23. The forced air draft allows adown-draft arrangement within the radiation wing to increase the thermalefliciency of the plant.

As the hot water being heated from the coil 40 reaches a temperature atwhich the return pipe 42 is effected, the air within the diaphragm 50expands to operate the connecting rod 48 and crank arm 41 in swingingthe plate 44 over the grate in deflecting the gases from the coil. Thearrangement prevents overheating where the water is not being used inquantities proportionate with the heat development.

The design of the furnace, providing a by-pass controlled by valve l1,enables use during summer months for water heating purposes only withthe ascending gases passing through the coil and directly to the flueoutlet.

The embodiment shown, while representing the now preferred form of theinvention, is in no sense intended as limiting the scope of theinvention. I confine myself only by the hereto annexed claims.

What I claim, is:

1. In a furnace, in combination, a combustion chamber provided with anopening in its front wall, a radiation chamber spaced from thecombustion chamber and formed to a substantial L- shape to extend alongthe rear and a side wall of the combustion chamber, a jacket surroundingsaid chambers and having openings to and from the same for thecirculation of air, the rear wall wing of said radiation chamber havingcommunication with the combustion chamber and the side wall wing havinga flue outlet to a chimney stack, a vertical bafile plate in said sidewall wing of the radiation chamber between the inlet and outlet openingsto force a down-draft of the gases passing therethrough, a fire-potextending through said front wall opening of the combustion chamberprovided with a grate, fuel and air canals through said fire-pot,mechanical stoking devices for delivering fuel through said fuel canalover the grate, and means for delivering air under pressure forcombustion purposes through the air canal below the grate.

2. The structure as defined in claim 1, and in combination therewith, awater-heating unit supported in spaced disposition above the grate, aplate member pivotally supported for movement into and out of the pathof travel of the ascending gases of combustion between said waterheatingunit and the grate, said plate in its gasinterrupting position acting todeflect the gases of combustion from said water-heating unit, andmechanism including a thermostat for controlling said plate member.

3. In a hot-air furnace, a combustion chamber having a substantialrectangular configuration and provided with openings through the frontand rear walls of the same, a radiation chamber formed in twosubstantial rectangular wings to extend along the rear wall and a sidewall of the combustion chamber, communication through the rear wallopening of the combustion chamber between said chamber and the wingadjacent thereto, a flue, an opening from the other of said wings tosaid flue, means in said last-named wing for forcing a down-draft of thegases passing therethrough to the flue, a jacket surrounding saidchambers and having openings to and from the same for the circulation ofair, a firepot extending through said front wall opening into thecombustion chamber, a grate supported by said fire-pot, mechanicalstoking devices for delivering fuel over said grate, and means fordelivering air under pressure through the apertures of the grate forcombustion purposes.

4:. In furnace construction, the combination with a combustion chamberhaving a substantial rectangular configuration, and means for supplyingair under pressure and fuel for combustion purposes to said combustionchamber, of a flue, and a radiation chamber communicatively connectingsaid combustion chamber and the flue, said chamber being spaced from thecombustion chamber for the circulation of air between the same and beingformed in two connecting sections disposed horizontally and at rightangles to one another to extend along the rear wall and a side wall ofthe combustion chamber, one of said radiation sections being :1

communicatively connected with the combustion chamber and the othersection being communicatively connected with the flue, said radiationchamber providing a vertical bafiie plate in the flue-communicatingsection extending from the top wall of the same into spaced dispositionof the bottom wall for efiecting a downdraft of the gases passingtherethrough to the flue.

5. A furnace comprising, in combination, a

which the gases travel in their passage from the grate to either of saidoutlets, said normal travel of the gases from the grate-supported fuelto the direct outlet in response to the opening of the damper in saiddirect outlet acting to pass the gases over the water heating coil withan isolation of the heat radiating chamber whereby the furnace operatesas a water heating plant only, said normal travel of the gases from thegratesupported fuel through the indirect outlet in response to a closingof the damper in said direct outlet acting to successively pass thegases over the water heating coil and through the heat radiating chamberwhereby the furnace operates as a conventional combined water heatingand radiation plant, and means for restricting the furnace to aradiation plant only and in the use of which the damper for the directoutlet is adapted to be closed comprising a normally inactive baflieplate pivotally supported for movement into an intervening position asbetween the grate-supported fuel and the water heating coil fordeflecting the gases of combustion from the coil.

6. A furnace comprised of the combination of a combustion chamberprovided with a fuel-receiving grate located at one end of the chamberadjacent the floor portion thereof and having an indirect outlet at itsopposite end adjacent the upper limits of the chamber adapted to leadthrough a heat radiating chamber to a chimney flue, said combustionchamber also providing an independent damper-controlled outlet locatedin proximity of the grate .end of said chamber and adjacent the upperlimits thereof adapted to connect directly with the flue, a water heatersupported in the combustion chamber to lie above the grate in the normalpath which the gases travel in their passage from the grate-supportedfuel to either of said outlets, said normal travel of the gases to thedirect outlet in response to the opening of the damper therefor actingto pass the gases over the water heater with an isolation of the heatradiating chamber whereby the furnace operates as a water heating plantonly, said normal travel of the gases from the grate-supported fuelthrough the indirect outlet in response to a closing of the damper forsaid direct outlet acting to successively pass the gases over the waterheater and through the heat radiating chamber whereby the furnaceoperates as a conventional combined water heating and radiation plant,and means for reducing the water heating efiiciency of the furnace toprovide a heat radiating plant only and in the use of which the damperfor the direct outlet is adapted to be closed comprising a normallyinactive member supported for movement into an intervening position asbetween the gratesupported fuel and the water heater for deflecting thegases of combustion from the water heater.

'7. A furnace comprised of the combination of a combustion chamberhaving an indirect outlet located above the plane at which fuel ignitionoccurs and adapted to lead through a heat radiating chamber to a flue,said combustion chamber also having an independent damper-controlledoutlet located above the plane at which ignition occurs adapted toconnect directly with the flue, a water heater supported in thecombustion chamber to lie above the point of ignition of the fuel in thenormal path which the gases travel in their passage to either of saidoutlets, said normal travel of the gases of combustion to the directoutlet in response to the opening of the damper in said direct outletacting to pass the gases over the water heater with an isolation of theheat radiating chamber whereby the furnace operates as a water heatingplant only, said normal travel of the gases of combustion to theindirect outlet in response to a closing of the damper for said directoutlet acting to successively pass the gases over the water heater andthrough the heat radiating chamber whereby the furnace operates as aconventional combined Water heating and radiation plant, and

means for reducing the water heating efficiency of the furnace toprovide a heat radiating plant only and in the use of which the damperfor the direct outlet is adapted to be closed comprising a normallyinactive baffie member supported for movement into an interveningposition as between the point of ignition of the gases and the waterheater for deflecting the gases of combustion from the water heater.

8. In a furnace provided with a chimney flue, the combination of acombustion chamber having an outlet therefrom leading directly to theflue, an extended chamber for the radiation of heat connecting with thecombustion chamber and leading indirectly to the flue, a water heatersupported in the combustion chamber to lie in the normal path of travelof the gases of combustion from the point of ignition thereof eitherthrough the radiation chamber and indirectly to the flue or directly tothe flue, a damper for said direct outlet to regulate the travel of thegases of combustion for effecting passage of the same through the directoutlet or indirectly through the radiation chamber, and means operatingindependently of said damper and in the use of which the damper for saiddirect outlet is adapted to be closed for restricting the furnace to aradiation plant only, said means being movable from a normally inactiveposition out of the path of travel of the gases into an interveningposition as between the water heater and the point of ignition of thegases to constitute a baffle for deflecting the gases from the waterheater.

9. In a furnace, in combination with a combustion chamber having anoutlet therefrom leading indirectly through a heating chamber to a flue,a water heater in the combustion chamber supported to lie in the pathwhich the gases normally travel in their passage to said outlet foreffecting a concentration of the heat thereon in the successive travelof the gases over said water heater and through the heating chamber,said water heater being provided with pipes leading from the upperportion thereof for the withdrawal of hot water and to the lower portionfor supplying cold water to the heater, said pipes being adapted tocommunicate by a system of piping for circulating hot water from theupper portion of the heater through the system tothe lower pipe leadingto the water heater, means movable from and into the path of travel ofthe gases of combustion from their point of ignition to the water heaterfor increasing and decreasing the water-heating efficiency of the waterheater, said movement of the means into the path of travel of the gasesto assume an intervening position as between the water heater and thepoint of ignition of the gases acting to deflect the gases of combustionfrom the water heater, and mechanism operating automatically in responseto a rise of temperature to a predetermined point of the water withinthe cold water pipe leading to the water heater for moving said meansinto its gas-deflecting position.

IVAN RISDON.

